Darul Ummah Islamic Institute: A Journey of Dedication Since 2017

Shaheed e karbala

The incident of shahadat of sayyadna hazrat husain raziyallahu anhu is not only an important incident of islamic history but it also holds a special distinction in the history of the whole world. On one side there are horrifying and astonishing incidents of oppression, force, hardheartedness, shamelessness and obscenity that even imagining them is difficult for a human. And on the other side is a small group of 70-72 relatives of rasulullah sallallahu alaihivasallam’s light, whose example is hard to find in history. And in both there are thousands of lessons and wisdoms hidden for coming generations.

*A great tragedy on islamic khilafat*

From the shahadat of hazrat usman raziyallahu anhu a nonstop chain of fitnas starts. In it conspiracies of munafiqeen, incidents of playing with the emotions of simple muslims occur. Swords are drawn among muslims. And those muslims who deserve to be called khairul khalaiq ba'adal ambiya. When the chain of khilafat reaches ameer muaviya raziyallahu anhu, it no longer remains the color of khilafate rashida, it takes the form of kingship. Ameer muaviya raz was advised that the time is of severe fitnas. You should arrange something for after you so that swords are not drawn again among muslims and khilafate islamiya is saved from breaking into pieces. Considering the conditions, till here there was nothing unlawful or unreasonable. But with it his son yazeed’s name is presented for khilafat after him. 40 flatterers of kuffa come or are sent that they request ameer muaviya raz that after you no one seems more capable and expert in state politics than your son yazeed, so khilafat should be for the son. Hazrat muaviya raz had some hesitation in beginning, so you consulted specific people. Among them there was disagreement, some gave opinion in favor and some against. Yazeed’s fisq o fajoor was also not open at that time. Finally the intent for son yazeed was made, and this is the first great tragedy on islam that khilafate nabuwat shifts into kingship.

*Bait for islam and incident of yazeed*

In shaam and iraaq, no one knows how flatterers spread talk of bait for yazeed and it was publicized that shaam and iraaq, kuffa and basra etc have agreed on yazeed’s bait. Now attention was turned toward hijaaz. From hazrat muaviya raziyallahu anhu’s side, the governor of makka and madina was assigned for this work.

Madina’s governor was marvaan. He gave a khutba and said to people that amirul momineen muaviya raz, following the sunnat of hazrat abu bakar raziyallahu anhu and hazrat umar raziyallahu anhu, wants that after him bait for khilafat be taken for yazeed. Hazrat abdurrahman bin abi bakar raziyallahu anhu stood up and said, this is wrong. This is not the sunnat of hazrat abu bakar and hazrat umar raz, rather it is the sunnat of kisra and qaisar. Abu bakar and umar raziyallahu anhuma did not transfer khilafat into their children nor into their family and relatives.

The eyes of common muslims of hijaaz were on ahle bait, especially on hazrat husain raziyallahu anhu, whom they considered deserving of khilafat after hazrat muaviya raziyallahu anhu. They were waiting for the opinion of hazrat husain raz, hazrat abdullah bin umar raz, hazrat abdurrahman bin abi bakar raz, hazrat abdullah bin zubair raz, hazrat abdullah bin abbas raz, to see what they do.

Before these hazraat, first was the principle of kitaab and sunnat that khilafate islamiya is khilafate nabuwat. In it inheritance has no role that after father the son becomes khalifa, rather it is necessary that khalifa be appointed by free election.

Second, yazeed’s personal conditions also did not allow that he be accepted as khalifa of all muslim lands. These hazraat opposed this conspiracy and most of them remained on opposition till the end. As a result of this truth speaking and defending truth, incidents of mass killing occurred in makka and madina, kuffa and karbala.

*Hazrat muaviya raziyallahu anhu in madina*

Hazrat muaviya raziyallahi anhu himself traveled to hijaaz in 51 hijri, came to madina tayyaba. Soft and hard talks happened with all these hazraat. All openly opposed.

*Complaint to ummul momineen hazrat aaisha raziyallahu anha and her advice*

Ameer muaviya raziyallahu anhu went to hazrat aaisha raziyallahu anha and complained to her that these hazraat oppose me. Hazrat aaisha raz advised, i heard you force them and threaten them with killing. You should never do that. Hazrat muaviya raz said this is wrong. These hazraat are worthy of respect to me. I can never do that. But the matter is that people of shaam and iraaq and common islamic cities have agreed on yazeed’s bait. Bait for khilafat of the son is complete. Now these few hazraat are opposing. Now you tell me, the word of muslims has united on one person and bait is complete, should i break this bait after it is complete. Hazrat aaisha raz said, this is your opinion, you know. But i say do not use force on these hazraat. Talk to them with respect. Hazrat muaviya raz promised her that i will do so.

Hazrat husain raziyallahu anhu, hazrat abdullah bin zubair raz, during hazrat muaviya raz’s stay in madina, felt that they will be forced, so with family they reached makka mukarrama. Hazrat abdullah bin umar raz and hazrat abdurrahman bin abi bakar raz came to makka mukarrama for hajj.

*Khutba of hazrat abdullah bin umar raziyallahu anhu*

Before you also there were khulafa and they also had children. Your son is not better than their sons. But they did not establish that opinion for their sons which you are doing for your son, rather they kept the collective benefit of muslims in front. You scare me with division of millat, so remember i will never become cause of division among muslims. I am one individual of muslims. If all muslims agree on one opinion, i will also join them.

After this he talked with hazrat abdurrahman bin abi bakar raz on this matter. He strongly refused that i will never accept this. Then he called hazrat abdullah bin zubair raz and addressed him. He also gave the same answer.

*Correct advice given collectively to hazrat muaviya raziyallahu anhu*

After this hazrat husain raziyallahu anhu and hazrat abdullah bin zubair raziyallahu anhu themselves went and met hazrat muaviya raz and said to him, for you it is not proper in any way that you insist on bait for your son yazeed. We present 3 options before you, which are the sunnat of your predecessors.

1. You do what rasulullah sallallahu alaihivasallam did, that he did not appoint anyone after him rather left it to the common opinion of muslims.  

2. Or do what hazrat abu bakar raziyallahu anhu did, that he presented the name of a person who is neither from his family nor any close relative, and all muslims agree on his capability.  

3. Or adopt the option which hazrat umar raziyallahu anhu did, that he left the matter after him to 6 people. Besides this we do not understand any fourth option, nor are ready to accept. But hazrat muaviya raz insisted that now bait on yazeed’s hand is complete and opposing it is not allowed for you people.

*Death of hazrat muaviya raziyallahu anhu and advice to yazeed*

Before death hazrat muaviya raz gave some wills to yazeed. Among them was also this that my estimate is that people of iraaq will provoke hazrat husain raz against you. If that happens and you succeed in confrontation, then forgive him and fully respect his relation to rasoolullah. He has great right on all muslims.

*Yazeed’s letter to waleed*

Yazeed, upon coming to throne of khilafat, wrote a letter to governor of madina waleed bin utba bin abi sufiyan that force hazrat husain raz, hazrat abdullah bin umar raz, and hazrat abdullah bin zubair raz to bait for khilafat and do not give them respite in this matter.

Waleed, on marvaan bin hakam’s advice, called these hazraat immediately. Then hazrat husain raz understood the whole matter with his intelligence that it seems ameer muaviya raz passed away and they want to force us to bait for yazeed before the news of death spreads.

Hazrat husain raziyallahu anhu reached waleed. He placed yazeed’s letter before him. Hazrat husain raz expressed sorrow on hazrat muaviya raz’s passing and regarding bait said that for a person like me it is not proper to do bait secretly in private. Proper is that you gather all and present the matter of bait for khilafat before all. Waleed accepted this and gave permission to hazrat husain raz to return.

*Hazrat husain raz and hazrat zubair raz went to makka*

Hazrat abdullah bin zubair raz took his brother jaafar raz with him and left madina overnight. Hazrat husain raz also adopted the same way and took his children, relatives and left madina and reached makka mukarrama and took refuge.

When yazeed knew this, he removed waleed and made amr bin sa'ad governor of madina, and made hazrat abdullah bin zubair raz’s brother amru bin zubair his police officer, because he knew there is severe disagreement between both brothers. He went to makka with 2 thousand youths for arrest of these hazraat and stayed outside makka and sent men to arrest his brother abdullah bin zubair raz, that yazeed’s order is there. He does not consider it proper that fighting happens inside makka mukarrama. Hazrat abdullah bin zubair raz sent his few youths to confront, who defeated them, and amru bin sa'ad took refuge in ibne alqama’s house.

*Letters of ahle kuffa*

On the other side when ahle kuffa got news of hazrat muaviya raziyallahu anhu’s death and that hazrat husain raziyallahu anhu and hazrat abdullah bin zubair raziyallahu anhu etc refused bait for yazeed, then some shia gathered at suleman bin sard khazayi’s house and wrote a letter to hazrat husain raz that we are also not ready for yazeed’s hand on bait. You come to kuffa immediately. We all will do bait on your hand.

After 2 days they wrote a letter of the same content and sent other letters and several delegations also reached hazrat husain raz. Hazrat husain raz was affected by delegations and letters, but with wisdom he did this that instead of going himself, he sent his cousin hazrat muslim bin aqeel to kuffa so that conditions be investigated. Muslim bin aqeel reached kuffa and stayed at mukhtar’s house. After staying a few days he assessed that common muslims here are restless for hazrat husain raz’s bait. Seeing this, aap started bait for khilafat for hazrat husain raz. In a few days only from kuffa 18 thousand muslims did bait for hazrat husain raz, and this chain continued. When muslim bin aqeel was satisfied that if hazrat husain raz comes, then surely whole iraaq will come to his bait, he invited hazrat husain raz to come to kuffa.

*Change in conditions*

But after this letter was written, someone from kuffa sent a letter to yazeed mentioning the incident of muslim bin aqeel’s coming and taking bait for hazrat husain raz. Yazeed issued an order appointing abdullah bin ziyaad as governor of kuffa and wrote a letter that arrest muslim bin aqeel and kill him or expel him from kuffa.

*Hazrat husain raziyallahu anhu’s letter to ahle basra*

On the other side a letter from hazrat husain raz reached ahle basra whose content was this,

You people are seeing that rasulullah sallallahu alaihivasallam’s sunnat is being erased and bid'at is being spread. I invite you to protect kitabullah and sunnate rasulullah sallallahu alaihivasallam and try to implement its commands. But the person who brought the letter was presented before ibne ziyaad. Ibne ziyaad killed that messenger and gathered all ahle basra and said, whoever opposes me, for him i am severe punishment, and whoever agrees with me, for him i am relief. After this, taking yazeed’s order he left for kuffa.

*Ibne ziyaad in kuffa*

People of kuffa were waiting for hazrat husain raziyallahu anhu’s arrival and many of them did not even recognize him. When ibne ziyaad reached kuffa, those people thought he is hazrat husain raz. They would welcome him from whichever gathering he passed, saying marhaba ya ibne rasoolullah. Ibne ziyaad would silently watch this scene and boil inside that complete control of kuffa over hazrat husain raz has happened. Next morning ibne ziyaad gathered ahle kuffa and gave a speech.

*Impressions of muslim bin aqeel raziyallahu anhu*

When muslim bin aqeeel raz heard of ibne ziyaad’s coming, he felt danger and he left mukhtar bin abi ubed’s house and took refuge at hani bin urva’s house. By chance haani bin urva became ill and ibne ziyaad, hearing news of his illness, reached his house to visit him. At that time umar bin abed salvi said, the opportunity is good that the enemy ibne ziyaad is in your control now, kill him. But haani bin urva said, this is against nobility that i kill him in my house.

*Difference between ahle haqq and ahle baatil*

It was also said to muslim bin aqeeel raz to kill this sinner, then you sit satisfied on the palace. But he did not consider it proper.

Here this point is worth thinking that muslim bin aqeeel raz sees his death in front and not only his own but death of whole family of ahle bait also, and also sees failure of a true islamic purpose. And the person through whose hands all this is to happen is before him in such way that sitting he can kill him. But see the essence of nobility of ahle haqq, especially ahle bait, and the demand of following sunnat, that even at this time his hand did not rise. This is the sign of ahle haqq that in every action and rest and every step, first they see whether this step of ours is correct near allah ta'ala and his rasoolullah or not.

*Torture and beating on haani bin urva*

When ibne ziyaad knew about haani that he gave refuge to muslim bin aqeeel raz, he called him and told him to hand over muslim bin aqeeel, otherwise we will kill you too, and severe beating was done to him.

On the other side it became famous in city that haani bin urva was killed. When this news reached umar bin hijaaj, he came to the spot with many youths of qabiila e mujajij and surrounded ibne ziyaad’s house. Ibne ziyaad told qazi shareeh to go outside and tell people that haani bin urva is safe and sound, not killed. I myself saw him. Hearing his talk umar bin hijaaj was satisfied and returned the youths.

*Helplessness of muslim bin aqeel raziyallahu anhu*

On the other side when muslim bin aqeeel raz got news of haani bin urva’s killing, he also came out ready for confrontation and gathered those 18 thousand muslims who did bait on his hand. And this army surrounded ibne ziyaad’s palace. With ibne ziyaad in palace there were only 30 soldiers and some family nobles. Ibne ziyaad selected a few such people from them whose influence was on their tribes who were with muslim bin aqeeel raz. He told them, you go outside and stop people of your circles from supporting muslim bin aqeeel, lure them with wealth and government or scare them with government punishment, in whatever way possible separate them from muslim bin aqeel. On the other side he ordered sadaat shia to climb on palace roof and stop people from this rebellion. When people heard talks from sadaat shia, they started separating. Women started coming to take back their sons, brothers, husbands. Here till only 30 people remained with muslim bin aqeeel raz. And when he returned from there he saw not even one person was with him. Then a woman gave him refuge in her house. At that time ibne ziyaad came down from his palace to masjid and ordered the police officer to put guards on all street doors of city so no one can go out, and search all houses.

On the other side when woman’s sons knew about the search, they themselves informed about muslim bin aqeeel raz. And 70 soldiers surrounded him. He confronted all. In this confrontation he was wounded, but did not come under their control. People climbed on roof and started throwing stones on him, and set fire to the house.

*Arrest of muslim bin aqeel raziyallahu anhu*

Muhammad bin asaas called out, i give you safety, do not put your life in destruction. Muslim bin aqeel raz, fighting alone against 70 soldiers, tired and broken by wounds, leaned against a wall. And tears flowed from his eyes. Said, i do not cry for my life rather i cry for the lives of husain raz and aale husain, who are about to reach kuffa soon on my writing. At least accept one thing of mine that immediately send a man to hazrat husain raz who informs him of my condition and says that you return from the way. Do not be deceived by kuffa people’s letters. These are the same people whose disloyalty troubled your father and he used to wish for his death. Muhammad bin asas promised, and as per promise sent a man with a letter to stop hazrat husain raz. When this messenger reached him, at that time hazrat husain raz had reached the place ziyaala. Reading the letter aap said, whatever has happened was to happen. We only want reward for our lives from allah ta'ala and complain of ummat’s corruption.

*Shahadat and will of muslim bin aqeel raziyallahu*

Muslim bin aqeeel raz already understood that muhammad bin asas giving safety is nothing, ibne ziyaad will kill me. He said, give me time to make will. Ibne ziyaad gave time, and he said to amr bin sa'ad that between me and you there is kinship and i say by giving the link of this kinship that i have a work with you, which is secret, i can tell only in privacy.

Separately muslim bin aqeeel raz said, the work is that i have debt of 700 dirham on me which i took from so and so person in kuffa, pay that from my side. Second work is that send a man to hazrat husain raz and return him from the way. Amr bin sa'ad sought permission from ibne ziyaad to fulfill the will. He said, indeed an honest man never betrays. You can pay his debt. As for the matter of husain raz, so if he does not come for confrontation with us, we will also not go for confrontation with him. And if he comes, we will also confront.

*Matter of muslim bin aqeel raziyallahu anhu and ibne ziyaad*

Ibne ziyaad said, o muslim, you did great oppression that the system of muslims was on one word, all were under one imam. You came and created division among them and incited people to rebellion against your ameer. Muslim bin aqeeel raz said, the matter is not this rather the people of this city kuffa wrote letters that your father killed their good and noble people, shed their blood unjustly, and wanted to rule over the public like kisra and qaisar. So we were forced to establish justice and invite and explain people toward implementing ahkaam of kitaab and sunnat. On this ibne ziyaad became even more angry. As per his order he was martyred and thrown down. Inna lillahi va inna ilayhi raajioun.

After killing hazrat muslim bin aqeeel raziyallahu anhu, haani bin urva was taken to market and killed. Ibne ziyaad cut heads of both and sent to yazeed. Yazeed wrote a thank you letter that i got this news that husain raz has reached near iraaq, so spread spies in whole city and whoever is even slightly suspected of supporting husain raz, imprison him. But do not kill anyone except one who fights with you.

*Hazrat husain raziyallahu anhu’s resolve to go to kuffa*

150 letters and many delegations of ahle kuffa had already reached hazrat husain raz. Then muslim bin aqeel raz had also invited him to kuffa with news of bait of 18 thousand muslims. So hazrat husain raz made resolve to go to kuffa. But when this matter became famous, except abdullah bin zubair raz, no one else advised to go to kuffa. Many hazraat came to his service and advised not to trust promises, baits of ahle kuffa and iraaq and that there is great danger in going there.

*Advice of hazrat abdullah ibne abbas raziyallahu anhu*

When ibne abbas raz got news of hazrat husain raz’s intention, he came and said, brother i give you in allah’s protection from this. For allah’s sake tell me, are you going for such a nation who killed the ameer imposed on them and have taken control of their city and expelled their enemies. Then surely you should go immediately on their call. Hazrat husain raz answered him, okay i do istkhara from allah, then will act on whatever comes to understanding.

Next day ibne abbas raz came again and said, brother i want to be patient but cannot be patient. I see severe danger of destruction in this step of yours. Ahle iraaq are disloyal, oath breakers. You do not go to them. You are muslim leader and head of ahle hijaaz. And if ahle iraaq make further demand from you, then write to them that first expel ameer and rulers from your city, then call me. My brother, if you have decided to go, then for allah’s sake do not take women and children with you. I fear that somewhere you are killed in front of your women and children just like hazrat usman raz was killed.