Purity for Prayer and Rulings on Tayammum
It is narrated from Hazrat Ibn Umar (RA) that the Prophet (SAW) said: "No prayer is accepted without purification, and no charity is accepted from wealth stolen from war booty."
_Ref: Mishkat 40, Muslim_
*Explanation:* This Hadith mentions two things. First, no prayer is accepted without purification. Second, charity from haram wealth is not accepted.
For prayer to be valid, the body, clothes, and prayer mat must be pure, and wudu is required. If ghusl is obligatory on someone, their prayer is not valid until they perform ghusl. Wudu alone will not make a person pure for prayer if ghusl is due.
*Tayammum in Place of Wudu and Ghusl*
Hazrat Huzaifah (RA) narrated that the Prophet (SAW) said: "We have been given superiority over other nations in three matters. First, our prayer rows are made like the rows of angels. Second, the entire earth has been made a mosque for us. There is no restriction that prayer must be in a mosque only. Prayer is valid in any pure place like home, market, or jungle. Third, the soil of the earth has been made a purifier for us when we cannot find water."
_Ref: Mishkat 45, Muslim_
*Explanation:* This Hadith shows that if water is not available, tayammum can be done instead of wudu and ghusl. The Qur'an mentions the method of wudu and ghusl, then says: "If you are ill or on a journey, or one of you comes from relieving himself, or you have touched women and find no water, then intend to use pure earth. Strike the earth and wipe your faces and hands with it."
_Ref: Surah Ma'idah_
Hazrat Abu Dharr (RA) narrated that the Prophet (SAW) said: "Pure earth is the wudu of a Muslim, even if he does not find water for ten years. When water is found, use it on the body as needed for wudu or ghusl."
_Ref: Mishkat_
Detailed rulings of tayammum are written in books of Fiqh. If a person needs wudu or ghusl but cannot find water, or water is available but using it risks illness, or there is no rope/bucket to draw water from a well, or there is fear of an enemy, or water is one mile away during travel, then tayammum should be done instead of wudu and ghusl.
